This technique uses a wavelength-dispersive spectrometer (WDS) equipped with a rhodium x-ray tube and six analyzing crystals to determine the bulk chemistry of a sample. Major and minor elements, including Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Sr, and Ba, are routinely quantified. Semiquantitative scans are also determined for elements ranging from ₅B through ₉₂U. The sample is usually ground to a powder and pressed into a pellet or fused with a fluxing agent to produce a glass disk.