| Abstract: Disposal of coal combustion products (CCPs) is becoming more complicated and more costly. Disposal costs have increased significantly as a result of several factors, including: • More stringent environmental regulations; • Changes in CCP characteristics due to the installation of combustion and post-combustion environmental controls; • Fewer suitable locations for disposal facilities due to increased land development surrounding power plants; • Increased ash and sulfur content in coals; • Increases in CCP production volumes due to an emphasis on higher unit availability and combustion and post-combustion environmental controls; and • Generating unit life extension/repowering. These factors can be mitigated somewhat by improving productivity of disposal operation, but a more effective solution is to find more markets for the CCPs. A practical contracting method that will lead to higher utilization, lower disposal costs, and increased disposal site life is to combine disposal with marketing under a single source contract. This paper presents a case for contracting with one entity to perform combined disposal/utilization services. | 
